Hartley & Fiske

Hartley

• Self - Grouped by aspirations
• Gender - Associated motives by gender
• Age Group - Range of needs, priorities and aims depending on age
• Family - Positioning in the family: parent or child
• Class - Social classes show different expectations individuals have
• Nation - The style and actions a country takes
• Ethnicity - The ethnic group may portray different stereotypical meanings to different ethnic audiences

Concepts considered when aiming a text at a particular audience. Hartley has established 7 areas of an individual that must be evaluated when regarding socialising them. 

Fiske has developed these categories adding:

Fiske

• Religion - Involvement of different beliefs or ideologies 
• Education - How certain people receive a text based on their level of education
• Political Stance - Different groups have different beliefs 
• Region (urban v rural)  - Stereotypical ways of living depending where you come from - Iconography 

All of the above must be contemplated when deciding whether an individual or group would consume a text for a certain reason.

In relation to Homeland's audience, the factors of Hartley and Fiske's audience theory are looked upon in relation to who watches Homeland. The expected audience who would consume the TV series would range from 25-50 white American men from upper lower class to middle class. 

     As a programme post 9/11 the American audience would particularly be effected. Since the threat of terrorism is apparent, the 'alpha male' facade and the instinct to protect would entice the target audience to watch the thriller in order to gain an insight on America and terrorism. The concept of an American soldier turned would provoke the well respected country America is known for.

      As a political thriller we would expect mainly a male audience. However due to the anti-classical narrative of a female protagonist, this widens the audience. Carrie's sexuality is driven away from her less feminine ways. This narrows the male audience who would stereotypically objectify the women in this particular genre.